Table — Migration to and from five countries in 2023

The table compares immigration, emigration and net migration for five countries in 2023, together with how the net figure had changed since 2013.

Overall, the countries divide into net receivers — Australia, Canada and Japan — and net losers — Poland and Brazil. Canada gained the most people overall, Brazil lost by far the most, and the percentage-change column rewards careful reading, since it magnifies movements from a small base.

Among the receivers, Canada''s net gain of +378,000 was the largest in the table, achieved not through the highest immigration (Australia''s 518,000 exceeded Canada''s 471,000) but through strikingly low emigration of just 93,000. Australia netted +287,000. Japan''s net gain was modest at +36,000, yet its change figure — +164 per cent — was the biggest of all, simply because its 2013 base was tiny.

The losers differ in direction as well as size. Poland''s net loss of 63,000 was barely half what it had been a decade earlier. Brazil, in contrast, saw 512,000 people leave against only 79,000 arrivals — a net loss of 433,000 that had actually grown by 18 per cent since 2013, making it the one country in the table whose outflow was still accelerating.